Which part of the tree is known as the cambium?

The cambium is a vital part of the tree, specifically identified as the layer beneath the bark that contains embryonic tissue. This layer is essential for the tree's growth, as it is responsible for producing new bark cells on the outside and new wood cells on the inside. As the cambium divides, it allows the tree to thicken and increase in diameter over time, contributing to the overall health and longevity of the tree.

The outer bark layer serves the important role of protecting the tree from environmental factors and pests, but it does not contribute to growth in the same way the cambium does. The roots are critical for anchoring the tree and absorbing water and nutrients, while leaves are essential for photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy. However, none of these parts perform the unique function of the cambium, which is specialized for producing the tree's structural components and facilitating its growth in girth.