Which of the following is a cultural control method?

Cultural control methods focus on practices that improve overall plant health and manage pest populations by modifying the environment or farming practices. Controlled burning is a technique that can help manage vegetation, reduce pest populations, and enhance soil health. It essentially alters the environment in a way that can discourage pest establishment and support beneficial organisms.

In contrast, biological control involves using natural predators or parasites to manage pest populations, which is not a cultural method but rather a biocontrol practice. Chemical control encompasses the use of pesticides, which are external substances applied to manage pests, again not related to cultural practices. Mechanical control involves physical means of pest management, such as traps or barriers, which, while effective, do not modify the underlying cultural practices that may be leading to pest issues.

Hence, controlled burning stands out as a cultural control method because it directly influences the ecosystem through management practices designed to reduce pest populations and improve soil conditions.