What is the study of biological events and their relationship to climatic conditions called?

The study of biological events and their relationship to climatic conditions is known as phenology. This field examines the timing of life cycle events in organisms, such as flowering in plants, breeding in animals, and migrations, and how these events are influenced by environmental factors, particularly climate. For instance, phenologists might assess how shifts in temperature and precipitation patterns affect when trees bloom or when certain species migrate, which is increasingly important in the context of climate change.

In contrast to the other fields listed, botany focuses specifically on plants, ecology studies the interactions between organisms and their environments, and entomology primarily deals with the study of insects. While these disciplines are interconnected and may touch upon aspects of biological events, they do not specifically focus on the timing and patterns of biological activities in relation to climatic conditions like phenology does.