What is the primary function of a soil sterilant?

The primary function of a soil sterilant is to kill or inhibit all plant growth. Soil sterilants are chemical agents designed to eliminate various forms of life within the soil, including plants, weeds, and sometimes soil-borne pathogens. By doing so, these agents create a sterile environment that prevents any plant growth, which can be useful in specific situations such as preparing a site for construction, managing invasive plant species, or controlling pest populations.

In contrast, other options focus on boosting plant nutrition, enhancing soil drainage, or attracting beneficial organisms—all of which do not align with the purpose of a soil sterilant. These alternatives suggest actions that would support growth or improve soil health, rather than suppressing it, which is the key role that a soil sterilant plays in land management and agricultural practices.