What are artificially formulated pheromones used in traps called?

Artificially formulated pheromones used in traps are specifically referred to as pheromone lures. These lures are designed to mimic the natural pheromones that insects produce, allowing for targeted attraction of certain species. The use of pheromone lures in traps is a strategic pest management technique, as it enables the capture of pests while minimizing impact on non-target species and the environment.

Pheromone lures are particularly effective because they exploit the natural behaviors and mating patterns of insects, thereby reducing pest populations without the need for more toxic chemical pesticides. This method is often favored in integrated pest management (IPM) programs due to its specificity and eco-friendliness.

The other options, while related to pest control, do not accurately capture the concept of these specially formulated lures. Insect attractants, for instance, could refer to a broader range of substances, and nitrogen baits involve a different mechanism based on nutritional attraction rather than pheromonal communication. Chemical traps also encompass a wider array of trap types that may not utilize pheromones at all. Therefore, the term "pheromone lures" is the most precise and relevant for describing artificially formulated pheromones used in traps.